The proposal was all but dead on arrival in the Senate, where it would need bipartisan support, and comes amid growing G.O.P. skepticism about the conflict.

Hours before visiting the Capitol, the president scrapped plans to sign a major housing bill, condemning “bad Republicans” for resisting his demands to ram through new voting restrictions.

Government supporters are showing off new ties with alleged former dissidents in a bid to show that they can withstand enemies at home as well as abroad.